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Washing
The waste paper is placed into a pulper with large quantities of water and broken down into a slurry. Contraries -such as staples - are removed using centrifugal screens. Most of the water containing the dispersed ink is drained through slots or screens that allow the dispersed ink particles through, without taking the pulp. Adhesive particles, known as 'stickies' are removed by fine screening.
Screening and Cleaning
Pulps contain undesirable fibrous and non-fibrous materials, which should be removed before the pulp is made into paper or board.
Cleaning involves removing small particles of dirt and grit using rotating screens and centrifugal cleaners.
Conversion and Printing
Once the paper is made, a great deal of it is converted into a product. Converters specialize in transforming reels and sheets of paper and board into a vast array of finished products for distribution such as boxes, cartons and stationery. Converters sell their products to the public or to other manufacturers.
Their own converting, for example, the manufacturers of soft tissues market their own products and sell directly to the public.
The printing industry converts large quantities of paper and board, much of which reaches the customer as newspapers, magazines or books.
